Method & Sources

Evidence and sources

Exact supported statements, verification outcomes and the limits of each measurement.

KPISource tierClear

Evidence dots: ●●● verified primary or secondary · ●●○ partially verified · ●○○ conflicting / estimated · ○○○ pending / no reliable source. A URL alone does not verify a statement.

KPI verification & reporting periods

KPI 1 · European orbital launches per yearConflicting evidence

Working definition (pending confirmation): successful orbital launches in a calendar year performed by launch vehicles developed and operated by European providers, regardless of launch site. Attempted launches are recorded separately.

Reporting period: Calendar year 2025. Latest: 7–9 (conflicting evidence).

Calculation: Count of launches in the calendar year meeting the working definition. Successes and attempts are counted in separate series and never mixed.

Three figures exist for 2025 with different scopes: 7 successful launches from Europe's Spaceport derived from the ESA launch list; 8 reported for Europe by Ars Technica (counting rule not stated, likely including the failed Spectrum test flight); 9 in the supplied brief (origin not documented). International comparisons supplied in the brief (SpaceX 175, China 94) differ from the secondary source (SpaceX 165 Falcon 9 + 5 Starship; China 92 attempted) and are not displayed as comparisons until definitions and periods are aligned.

Confirm the counting rule: provider nationality, launch site, or ownership/control.

Confirm whether the KPI counts successful launches only or all attempts.

Identify the origin of the supplied figure of 9 launches in 2025.

Identify the origin of the supplied comparisons (SpaceX 175, China 94) and their definitions before displaying any comparison.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 2 · Operational European launch providersPartially verified

A European launch provider counts as operational when it has completed at least one successful orbital launch AND offers or operates a launch service with demonstrated operational readiness. Companies developing launchers, or with only test flights, are tracked separately.

Reporting period: Status documented up to 9 September 2026. Latest: 2 operational (Arianespace, Avio) + 1 orbit-proven (Isar Aerospace).

Calculation: Count of European providers meeting all operational criteria at the reference date. Development-stage and orbit-proven providers are reported in separate series.

The supplied baseline lists Isar Aerospace as a provider in 2025, but its only 2025 flight (30 March 2025) was terminated at T+30 seconds; it did not reach orbit until September 2026. The supplied list also omits Avio, which took over commercialisation of Vega-C from Arianespace in 2026. Whether Arianespace and Avio count as two independent providers depends on the ownership/control definition.

Confirm whether Arianespace (Ariane 6) and Avio (Vega-C) count as two providers.

Define the evidence required to classify Isar Aerospace (and future entrants) as operational rather than orbit-proven.

The supplied 2025 baseline counts Isar Aerospace, which had not reached orbit in 2025.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 3 · European share of capital raised in European space funding roundsVerified primary source

Measured per ESPI: share of the venture capital value raised by European space ventures that was secured in rounds led by European investors. This is a lead-investor measure based on capital value, not the share of capital contributed by European investors and not a count of rounds.

Reporting period: 2024–2025 (two-year period). Latest: 69%.

Calculation: Value of rounds led by European investors ÷ total value of venture capital rounds raised by European space ventures over the reference period × 100 (ESPI method).

The figure is lead-investor based: it attributes the full value of a round to the nationality of its lead investor and does not measure how much capital European investors actually contributed. The supplied statement that no 2025 growth round was led by a European private investor is supported only for the nine scaleup rounds tracked by ESPI; it is consistent with the 69% figure because public entities led most European-led rounds. No target year was supplied.

Confirm whether the KPI should measure lead-investor share (as ESPI does) or the share of capital actually contributed by European investors.

Set a target year for the 90% target.

Decide whether public-entity leads should count towards the European share.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 4 · Private capital raised by European space companies per yearPartially verified

Annual capital raised by European space ventures as reported by ESPI's Space Venture series. Note: ESPI totals include rounds with public or mixed investor participation, so they are not exclusively private capital.

Reporting period: 2025. Latest: €1.4bn.

Calculation: Sum of investment transactions in European space ventures in the calendar year, per ESPI methodology. Other datasets (Seraphim, Tech.eu) are not combined with this series.

ESPI states that over 80% of capital secured in Europe in 2024 came from public or mixed investor consortia, so the series does not measure purely private capital as the KPI title implies. The 2022 value of €1.0bn is consistent with ESPI's reported 7% decrease to €942m in 2023 but has not been separately verified. Tech.eu's H1 2026 figure (€2.9bn, including debt) uses a different scope and is shown as context only.

Decide whether the KPI should measure all capital raised (ESPI total) or private capital only; if private only, a source that separates private capital is required.

Verify the exact 2022 ESPI figure.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 5 · Foreign buyers in acquisitions of European space companiesPartially verified

Primary definition: completed acquisitions of European space companies resulting in control being transferred to a non-European buyer, as a share of all completed acquisitions of European space companies. Minority investments, joint ventures, strategic partnerships and announced but incomplete transactions are excluded.

Reporting period: 2014–2025 (cumulative). Latest: 35%.

Calculation: Completed control acquisitions by non-European buyers ÷ all completed control acquisitions of European space companies in the period × 100.

ESPI reports that around a third (35%) of 46 tracked acquisitions over 2014–2025 involved foreign acquirers, predominantly US-based. It is not confirmed that ESPI's "foreign" means non-European (rather than non-national), nor that all tracked deals were completed control acquisitions. The count of 16 is derived (35% of 46) and approximate. The supplied figure ("approximately one-third since 2014") is consistent.

Confirm ESPI's definition of "foreign acquirer" (non-European vs non-national).

Confirm whether ESPI counts only completed control acquisitions.

Decide whether to track annual or rolling shares instead of a cumulative figure.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 6 · SMEs' share of European Defence Fund fundingVerified primary source

Share of total EU funding in selected European Defence Fund (EDF) proposals for a call year that is awarded to SMEs. SME participation (share of participating entities) is tracked as a separate series. The EDF is not exclusively a space programme; these figures are not space-specific.

Reporting period: EDF 2025 calls (results April 2026). Latest: >21%.

Calculation: EU funding to SMEs in selected EDF proposals ÷ total EU funding for the call year × 100, as reported by the Commission.

The EDF covers defence research and capability development across all domains; SME shares are not space-specific. Figures refer to call cohorts (selected proposals), not funding disbursed in a calendar year. The Commission reports lower bounds (">21%", ">38%"). EDF 2024 results have not yet been added.

Set a target year for the 30% target.

Add EDF 2024 call results.

Decide whether a space-specific subset of EDF funding should be tracked separately.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 7 · IRIS² satellites deployedPartially verified

Number of IRIS² satellites deployed in their intended orbit, as a share of the planned constellation. Contracted, manufactured, launched, deployed and operationally ready satellites are distinct stages; this KPI counts deployment only and does not imply full operational capability.

Reporting period: As described by ESA, 30 October 2026. Latest: 0 of at least 348 (inferred).

Calculation: Satellites deployed in intended orbit ÷ planned constellation size × 100. Planned size per latest ESA description: at least 348 (at least 330 LEO + 18 MEO).

No source explicitly states that zero satellites are deployed; zero is inferred from ESA's statement that launches start in 2029. The Commission described a 290-satellite constellation at concession signature (December 2024); ESA later describes at least 348. The change likely reflects a revised design but this has not been confirmed. Existing GOVSATCOM capacity must not be counted as IRIS² satellites.

Confirm the reference constellation size (290 per Commission, Dec 2024; at least 348 per ESA, Oct 2026).

Identify an official source that reports deployment progress once launches begin.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 8 · European air traffic exposed to GNSS interferenceVerified primary source

Share of European en-route traffic that operates through regions intermittently but regularly affected by GNSS radio-frequency interference (RFI), per EUROCONTROL. This is a threat and vulnerability indicator, not a direct measure of European strategic autonomy.

Reporting period: 2021 (latest documented). Latest: 38%.

Calculation: Flights traversing regions with regular GNSS RFI ÷ total European en-route traffic × 100 (EUROCONTROL method, based on interference detection data).

The documented values describe traffic operating through exposed regions, not flights actually disrupted. The latest sourced values relate to 2020–2021. The supplied reference to exposure of "up to 40%" has not been traced to a source.

Locate a current (2024–2026) EUROCONTROL or EASA measurement using the same method.

Trace the supplied "up to 40%" figure to a source.

Confirm whether a 50% warning threshold is the agreed threshold.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 9 · New critical-infrastructure navigation equipment supporting authenticated GNSSNo reliable source identified

Share of relevant new GNSS navigation and timing equipment procured for critical infrastructure in the EU that supports authenticated GNSS signals (e.g. Galileo OSNMA). Definitions of critical infrastructure, relevant equipment and authentication support are pending (see clarifications).

Reporting period: Not supplied. Latest: Not yet measured.

Calculation: Relevant new equipment procured with authenticated-GNSS support ÷ all relevant new navigation equipment procured in the period × 100.

No dataset on procurement of authenticated-GNSS-capable equipment by critical infrastructure operators has been identified. OSNMA authenticates Galileo navigation message data: it makes spoofing significantly harder and improves detection, but does not prevent spoofing and does not protect against jamming.

Define critical infrastructure, relevant equipment and authentication support.

Decide whether the KPI measures procurement, installation or operational use.

Identify a data source (procurement surveys, market data or national reporting).

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 10 · Business users' share of active Copernicus data usersSource verification pending

Share of active Copernicus data users that are companies. Active users (users accessing data in the period) are distinguished from registered users (accounts created).

Reporting period: Period not stated. Latest: 7% (unverified).

Calculation: Active business users ÷ all active Copernicus data users in the period × 100.

The supplied shares (companies 7%, researchers 64%) were not found in the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem 2024 reporting. The verified figure of about 289,000 refers to registered users of one platform (CDSE) at the end of 2024, not active users. Downstream market projections are not KPI values.

Trace the supplied 7% / 64% shares to a source and identify the reference period and denominator.

Decide which Copernicus access platforms define the user base.

Set a target year for the 20% target.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 11 · Public space spending as a share of GDPSource verification pending

Civil and defence public space budgets of European countries and EU/ESA programmes, as a share of combined GDP.

Reporting period: 2025 (reporting year to be confirmed). Latest: 0.07% of GDP (case figure).

Calculation: Total European public space spending in the year ÷ combined GDP × 100.

Case figure. The United States comparator (0.25% of GDP) is from the same brief. Scope of "public space spending" (civil vs defence, double counting of ESA contributions) is not documented.

Trace 0.07% (Europe) and 0.25% (US) to OECD, ESA or Commission budget documents.

Confirm reporting year and whether defence space budgets are included.

Full KPI and observation history →

KPI 12 · Share of European public space money under direct EU controlSource verification pending

Public space spending under direct EU control (EU budget programmes) as a share of all European public space spending.

Reporting period: 2025 (reporting year to be confirmed). Latest: about 2% (€230m of €10.9bn, case figures).

Calculation: EU-controlled public space spending ÷ total European public space spending × 100. Case figures: about €230m ÷ about €10.9bn ≈ 2.1%.

Both amounts are approximate case figures. The definition of "direct EU control" and whether EU Space Programme funds delegated to ESA or EUSPA count are not documented.

Trace €230m and €10.9bn to Commission budget documents and ESA/OECD figures.

Define which EU budget lines count as direct EU control.

Full KPI and observation history →

Sources (24)

Complete source register →

CDS

Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem: Annual Report 2024

Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem (operating consortium)

Tier 1 · Official primary

supports 1 KPIs · Publication date not established.

Verified primary source

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem — Annual report 2024 · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Annual report of the CDSE platform. States registered users rose from 84,000 to almost 290,000 during 2024.

KPI 10 · 2024 · secondary

"Registered users soared from 84,000 to almost 290,000."

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: CDSE platform · Registered stock; not active users. · Tier 1 (Copernicus programme service; consortium report). · Statement located in retrieved text.

CDS

Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem: Annual Report 2024 release

Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem

Tier 1 · Official primary

supports 1 KPIs · 4 Dec 2025

Verified primary source

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem (CDSE) Releases Annual Report 2024 · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Official Copernicus programme data service. Reports registered users of the CDSE platform only, not all Copernicus users and not active users.

KPI 10 · 2024 · primary

"289,000 users registered in 2024."

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: CDSE platform · Registered users of one platform, not active users; not a business share. · Tier 1 (Copernicus programme service). · Statement located in retrieved text. Context for the denominator only.

EC(

European Space Agency (ESA)

Tier 1 · Official primary

supports 1 KPIs · 30 Oct 2026

Verified primary sourcePartially verified

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

ESA Programme Related to EU Secure Connectivity – IRIS² · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Official ESA programme description: at least 348 satellites (at least 330 LEO, 18 MEO); launches starting 2029; early services 2030.

KPI 7 · Programme description, 30 October 2026 · primary

"Multi-orbital constellation of at least 348 satellites"; "at least 330 satellites located in low Earth orbit (LEO) and 18 in medium Earth orbit (MEO)"; "With launches starting in 2029 and early services starting to be provided in 2030".

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: EU IRIS² · Zero deployed is inferred from the launch schedule, not stated. · Tier 2 (ESA). · Constellation size and schedule located in retrieved text.

KPI 7 · As of 30 October 2026 · primary

Launches starting in 2029 (implies no IRIS² satellites deployed as of October 2026).

Partially verified · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: EU IRIS² · Inference. · Tier 2 (ESA). · Deployment count inferred, not reported.

ESA

ESA: Spectrum lifts off

European Space Agency (ESA)

Tier 1 · Official primary

supports 1 KPIs · 9 Sept 2026

Verified primary source

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Spectrum lifts off · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Official ESA statement that Isar Aerospace reached orbit with Spectrum on 5 September 2026.

KPI 2 · 5 September 2026 · primary

"German company Isar Aerospace successfully reached orbit with their Spectrum launcher, lifting off from Andøya Spaceport in Norway on 5 September 2026."

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: Andøya, Norway · Establishes orbital success, not operational readiness. · Tier 2 (ESA). · Statement located in retrieved text.

ESA

ESA: Vega-C programme page

European Space Agency (ESA)

Tier 1 · Official primary

supports 1 KPIs · Undated programme page.

Verified primary source

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Vega-C · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Official ESA programme description. Undated page; content may be revised without notice.

KPI 2 · Until 2026 · primary

"Arianespace was responsible for commercial exploitation of the launch system until 2026 when Avio started to take over."

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: Europe · Undated page. · Tier 2 (ESA). · Statement located in retrieved text.

EUROCONTROL: GNSS webinar introduction

EUROCONTROL

Tier 1 · Official primary

supports 1 KPIs · Date not displayed; file path indicates March 2021.

Verified primary source

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

WELCOME to the GNSS webinar / EUROCONTROL Stakeholder Forum · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · EUROCONTROL presentation using Airbus interference detection data for H2 2020. Presentation material, not a formal statistical publication.

KPI 8 · H2 2020 · primary

"38.5% of European en-route traffic operates through regions intermittently, but regularly affected by RFI"; "5% of traffic in these regions could, given current RFI levels, need special assistance."

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: European en-route traffic · Exposure, not disruption. Based on Airbus detection data. Presentation material. Outdated. · Tier 3 (EUROCONTROL). · Statement located in retrieved text.

EUROCONTROL: Monitoring GNSS RF Interference

EUROCONTROL

Tier 1 · Official primary

supports 1 KPIs · Date not displayed; file path indicates February 2022.

Verified primary source

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Monitoring GNSS RF Interference (Network Manager User Forum) · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · EUROCONTROL presentation covering 1 January–31 December 2021. Presentation material, not a formal statistical publication.

KPI 8 · 1 January–31 December 2021 · primary

"Can affect around 38% of European Network Traffic."

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: European network traffic · Exposure, not disruption. Approximate. Presentation material. Outdated. · Tier 3 (EUROCONTROL). · Statement located in retrieved text.

ESP

ESPI Report 102: Space Venture 2025 (full report)

European Space Policy Institute (ESPI)

Tier 2 · Research institution

supports 2 KPIs · April 2026 (day not stated).

Verified primary sourcePartially verified

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

ESPI Report 102 – Space Venture 2025 – Full Report · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Established research institution. Based on ESPI's own tracked transaction dataset; coverage and investor classification follow ESPI methodology.

KPI 3 · 2024–2025 · primary

"Only 69% of the ~€2 billion venture capital raised in the past two years in Europe was secured in rounds led by European investors. Meanwhile, in the US, that figure rises to above 90%."

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: European and US space ventures · Lead-investor basis: full round value attributed to lead investor origin. ESPI tracked dataset. · Tier 4 (research institution). Established methodology. · Statement located in retrieved text; supports the KPI as defined on a lead-investor basis.

KPI 3 · 2025 · primary

"Of the 9 European space venture scaleup rounds in 2025, five were led by European public entities"; "all four remaining deals anchored by private investors were led by American investors."

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: European space ventures, scaleup rounds · Applies to ESPI-tracked scaleup rounds only; "growth round" in the brief may be defined differently. · Tier 4 (research institution). · Resolves the supplied possible inconsistency: public entities led most European-led rounds.

KPI 5 · 2014–2025 · primary

"Of the 46 tracked acquisitions of European space companies over the 2014-2025 period, around a third (35%) involved foreign acquirers, predominantly US-based."

Partially verified · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: Acquisitions of European space companies (ESPI tracked sample) · "Foreign" may not equal "non-European"; completion and control-transfer status not confirmed; cumulative only. · Tier 4 (research institution). No independent secondary source identified. · Value located in retrieved text; definitional alignment with the KPI not confirmed.

ESP

ESPI: Space Venture 2024

European Space Policy Institute (ESPI)

Tier 2 · Research institution

supports 1 KPIs · 20 Jun 2025

Partially verified

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Space Venture 2024: Global Investment Dynamics · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Established research institution. States that over 80% of capital secured in Europe in 2024 came from public or mixed investor consortia.

KPI 4 · 2024 · primary

"Attracting €1.5 billion"; "over 80% of the capital secured in Europe came from public or mixed investor consortia."

Partially verified · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: European space ventures · Not exclusively private capital. · Tier 4 (research institution). · Value located in retrieved text; definition mismatch (private vs all capital).

ESP

ESPI: Space Venture 2025 report page

European Space Policy Institute (ESPI)

Tier 2 · Research institution

supports 1 KPIs · 5 May 2026

Partially verified

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Space Venture 2025 · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Established research institution. Report landing page summarising 2025 totals.

KPI 4 · 2025 · primary

"Europe's space ventures attracted €1.4 billion in 2025"; "Venture capital…grew by 13% to €1.2 billion."

Partially verified · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: European space ventures · Not exclusively private capital. · Tier 4 (research institution). · Value located in retrieved text; definition mismatch (private vs all capital).

ESP

ESPI: Space Venture Europe 2023

European Space Policy Institute (ESPI)

Tier 2 · Research institution

supports 1 KPIs · 22 May 2024

Partially verified

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Space Venture Europe 2023: Investment in the European and Global Space Sector · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Established research institution. ESPI totals cover investment in European space ventures and may include public or mixed investor participation.

KPI 4 · 2023 (with comparison to 2022) · primary

"The space sector raised €942 million, representing a 7% decrease in investment in 2023."

Partially verified · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: European space ventures · ESPI totals include public and mixed investor participation; not exclusively private capital. 2022 value implied, not stated. · Tier 4 (research institution). · Value located in retrieved text; definition mismatch (private vs all capital).

KPI 4 · 2022 · primary

2022 value of about €1.0bn implied by the reported 7% decrease to €942m in 2023.

Partially verified · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: European space ventures · Derived; exact 2022 figure not located. · Tier 4 (research institution). · Consistent with supplied €1.0bn; exact value not verified.

Isar Aerospace press release: Spectrum first test flight

Isar Aerospace

Tier 1 · Official primary

supports 1 KPIs · 30 Mar 2025

Verified primary source

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Isar Aerospace lifts off successfully during first test flight of orbital launch vehicle · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Company disclosure about its own flight. Reliable for the flight outcome stated (flight terminated at T+30 s); company framing of success refers to lift-off, not orbit.

KPI 2 · 30 March 2025 · primary

First Spectrum flight "was terminated at T+30 seconds and fell directly into the sea in controlled manner."

Verified primary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: Andøya, Norway · Company disclosure about its own flight. · Tier 6 (company disclosure). Reliable for flight outcome. · Statement located in retrieved text. Confirms no orbital success in 2025.

JAN

Jumpseat Aerospace News: European space-tech funding H1 2026

Jumpseat Aerospace News

Tier 3 · Specialist industry / financial

supports 1 KPIs · 12 Aug 2026

Partially verified

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

European Space-Tech Funding Reaches €2.9 Billion in H1 2026 · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Secondary report attributing data to the Tech.eu Funding Explorer (via Silicon Canals). The underlying Tech.eu dataset and methodology have not been accessed.

KPI 4 · H1 2026 · contextual

"European space-tech companies raised €2.9 billion"; "Debt financing accounted for 45.6% of the total."

Partially verified · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: European space-tech companies (Tech.eu coverage) · Secondary report of Tech.eu data; includes debt; half-year; different coverage from ESPI. · Tier 6 (industry publication). Underlying dataset not accessed. · Context only. Not combined with ESPI series.

Ars Technica Rocket Report: 2025 year in review

Ars Technica

Tier 4 · General media

supports 1 KPIs · 9 Jan 2026

Verified secondary source

Original document ↗

Supported statements & caveats

Rocket Report: A new super-heavy launch site in California; 2025 year in review · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Reputable trade journalism. Counting rules (attempts vs successes, provider vs site) are not stated precisely. Context and cross-check only.

KPI 1 · 2025 · secondary

"Europe with eight"; "SpaceX launched 165 Falcon 9 rockets in 2025"; "In addition to five Starship-Super Heavy launches"; "China, which attempted 92 orbital launches in 2025".

Verified secondary source · Checked 9 Nov 2026

Scope: Europe; SpaceX; China · Counting rule (attempts vs successes; provider vs site) not stated. · Tier 7 (news media). Context and cross-check only. · Statements located in retrieved text. Contradicts supplied SpaceX (175) and China (94) figures.

Po(

Phase 1 KPI framework (supplied research)

Project owner (internal brief)

Supplied input · not verified evidence

supports 7 KPIs · Supplied on 9 November 2026. Underlying references were not provided with the brief.

Conflicting evidencePartially verifiedSource verification pending

Supported statements & caveats

Space Autonomy Monitor: Phase 1 KPI framework and initial figures · Accessed 9 Nov 2026 · Starting inputs only. Not independent evidence. Figures are preserved for traceability and flagged until traced to a documented source.

KPI 1 · 2025 · input

9 European orbital launches in 2025; SpaceX 175; China 94.

Conflicting evidence · Not checked

Scope: Europe (undefined) · No counting rule or source given. · Not independent evidence. · Not supported by the ESA launch list (7 successful from Kourou) or Ars Technica (8 for Europe).

KPI 2 · 2025 · input

Arianespace and Isar Aerospace listed as European providers (2025).

Conflicting evidence · Not checked

Scope: Europe · No definition of "operational" given. · Not independent evidence. · Isar Aerospace had not reached orbit in 2025; Avio omitted.

KPI 3 · 2024–2025 · input

69% European share 2024–2025; US 90%+; no 2025 growth round led by a European private investor.

Partially verified · Not checked

Scope: Europe; US · Definition not stated. · Not independent evidence. · Consistent with ESPI once the lead-investor definition is applied.

KPI 4 · 2022–2026 · input

ESPI figures 2022 €1.0bn, 2023 €0.94bn, 2024 €1.5bn, 2025 €1.4bn; Tech.eu H1 2026 €2.9bn incl. debt.

Partially verified · Not checked

Scope: Europe · Supplied summary. · Not independent evidence. · 2023–2025 match ESPI; 2022 not separately verified.

KPI 5 · Since 2014 · input

Approximately one-third of acquisitions since 2014 by foreign buyers.

Partially verified · Not checked

Scope: Europe · Supplied summary. · Not independent evidence. · Consistent with ESPI 35%.

KPI 8 · Not stated · input

38% of European air traffic exposed; up to 40% also referenced.

Source verification pending · Not checked

Scope: Europe · Supplied summary. · Not independent evidence. · 38% matches EUROCONTROL 2021; "up to 40%" not traced.

KPI 10 · Not stated (2024 for users) · input

Companies 7%, researchers 64% of Copernicus users; 289,000 registered users in 2024.

Source verification pending · Not checked

Scope: Copernicus · Denominator and period not stated. · Not independent evidence. · Shares not found in CDSE 2024 reporting. 289,000 confirmed as registered CDSE users.

Po(

Phase 10 case brief (supplied figures)

Project owner (internal brief)

Supplied input · not verified evidence

supports 0 KPIs · Supplied on 10 November 2026. Reporting year 2025 to be confirmed; underlying references not provided.

Supported statements & caveats

Space Autonomy Monitor: Phase 10 brief — KPI 11 and KPI 12 case figures · Accessed 10 Nov 2026 · Case figures only. Not independent evidence. Excluded from the meter until a Tier 1 or Tier 2 source supports the value.

Methodology notes →Validation report →