SPACE AUTONOMY MONITOREuropean strategic autonomy in space—

Method & Sources

Source register

Every source used, the exact statement it supports, and whether that statement has been verified against the KPI definition. 24 sources · 33 source–value links.

Verification overview

Verified primary source 16Verified secondary source 1Partially verified 11Conflicting evidence 3Source verification pending 2No reliable source identified 0
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Sources (2)

  • T4 · Research institution · Tier 2 · Research institution

    ESPI Report 102 – Space Venture 2025 – Full Report

    European Space Policy Institute (ESPI)

    Established research institution. Based on ESPI's own tracked transaction dataset; coverage and investor classification follow ESPI methodology.

    Published:
    April 2026 (day not stated).
    Accessed:
    9 Nov 2026

    • "Only 69% of the ~€2 billion venture capital raised in the past two years in Europe was secured in rounds led by European investors. Meanwhile, in the US, that figure rises to above 90%."

      Period: 2024–2025 · Scope: European and US space ventures

      Limitations: Lead-investor basis: full round value attributed to lead investor origin. ESPI tracked dataset.

      Reliability: Tier 4 (research institution). Established methodology.

      Statement located in retrieved text; supports the KPI as defined on a lead-investor basis.

      ✓ Verified primary source

      Checked 9 Nov 2026

    • "Of the 9 European space venture scaleup rounds in 2025, five were led by European public entities"; "all four remaining deals anchored by private investors were led by American investors."

      Period: 2025 · Scope: European space ventures, scaleup rounds

      Limitations: Applies to ESPI-tracked scaleup rounds only; "growth round" in the brief may be defined differently.

      Reliability: Tier 4 (research institution).

      Resolves the supplied possible inconsistency: public entities led most European-led rounds.

      ✓ Verified primary source

      Checked 9 Nov 2026

  • T8 · Supplied input (not evidence) · No governance tier (not evidence)

    Space Autonomy Monitor: Phase 1 KPI framework and initial figures (no URL: not a public document)

    Project owner (internal brief)

    Starting inputs only. Not independent evidence. Figures are preserved for traceability and flagged until traced to a documented source.

    Published:
    Supplied on 9 November 2026. Underlying references were not provided with the brief.
    Accessed:
    9 Nov 2026

    • 69% European share 2024–2025; US 90%+; no 2025 growth round led by a European private investor.

      Period: 2024–2025 · Scope: Europe; US

      Limitations: Definition not stated.

      Reliability: Not independent evidence.

      Consistent with ESPI once the lead-investor definition is applied.

      ⚑ Partially verified

      Not checked